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    <identifier>10.57760/sciencedb.40807</identifier>
    <datestamp>2026-07-21T15:27:51Z</datestamp>
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  <dc:date>2026-07-21</dc:date>
  <dc:title>CarbGeo-3D: A Synthetic Three-dimensional Lithology-Resistivity Dataset of Carbonate Geothermal Reservoir</dc:title>
  <dc:identifier>doi:10.57760/sciencedb.40807</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:description>We introduce CarbGeo-3D, a comprehensive synthetic dataset comprising 5,000 paired 3D lithological models and continuous resistivity volumes. To our knowledge, CarbGeo-3D represents one of the first openly available large-scale datasets that jointly provide paired three-dimensional lithofacies and resistivity models for carbonate geothermal reservoirs while explicitly incorporating geological process knowledge into the generation workflow. CarbGeo-3D is designed to support the development, benchmarking, and reproducible evaluation of data-driven subsurface characterization methods by providing a large collection of geologically plausible carbonate geothermal reservoir models.&amp;nbsp;The synthesized lithology and resistivity models of carbonate geothermal reservoirs are fully aligned in spatial grid size (default 128 &amp;times; 128 &amp;times; 128), allowing them to be directly used as paired geological-geophysical data for machine learning, geophysical inversion, uncertainty quantification, and surrogate modeling applications. The dataset is released in several standardized formats. The dataset includes *.npy to be compatible with mainstream deep learning frameworks, *.vtk to support professional geophysical visualization software such as ParaView, and *.gslib to be compatible with geostatistical software packages. The parameters of generating lithology-resistivity data pairs can be flexibly adjusted by the user according to the specific geological and geophysical characteristics of the study area. This dataset is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 open-source license, supporting open sharing and community reuse.</dc:description>
  <dc:subject>3D geological models; carbonate lithofacies; geological data</dc:subject>
  <dc:creator>Zhesi Cui</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Qiyu Chen</dc:creator>
  <dc:rights>PUBLIC</dc:rights>
  <dc:rights>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</dc:rights>
  <dc:type>dataset</dc:type>
  <dc:publisher>Science Data Bank</dc:publisher>
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