2026-10-13T04:27:26Z https://www.scidb.cn/oai

10.57760/sciencedb.space.002yk 2026-08-24T10:48:49Z

2026-08-24 Dataset of Ca⁺ Density Profiles (Nov 2023), Ca⁺ Photon Counts (May 2024 Storm), Ionosonde Observations, and TIEGCM Oxygen Atom Simulations doi:10.57760/sciencedb.space.002yk en This dataset is collected at the Mohe Space Environment Observatory (53.49°N, 122.34°E), China. It includes Ca⁺ density profiles on November 5, 2023, Ca⁺ photon count data around the May 2024 magnetic storm, and time-matched ionosonde observations. The data covers the 80–270 km altitude range in the upper atmosphere, for studying metal layer variation and ionosphere-atmosphere coupling during geomagnetic disturbances.Instruments4-channel Ca⁺ resonance fluorescence lidar: records raw backscattered photon counts to observe the metallic ion layer.Digital ionosonde: measures standard ionospheric parameters to describe the background ionospheric environment.Data Content and ProcessingCa⁺ density profiles (Nov 5, 2023) Raw photon data from four channels are merged and calibrated. Molecular scattering background is subtracted using the NRLMSISE-00 atmospheric model. Ca⁺ number density profiles are derived via range correction and Rayleigh reference at 30–31 km altitude. The final daily mean profiles cover the core metal layer region of 80–130 km.Ca⁺ photon counts (May 2024 storm period) Summed photon profiles are generated from selected raw data during May 10–12, 2024 (the key storm phase). Height bins are merged every 10 bins to improve signal-to-noise ratio at high altitudes. The photon detection threshold (mean + 2 standard deviations) is calculated from the 230–250 km background region, with the equivalent density threshold at 100 km reference altitude.Simultaneous ionosonde data Time-synchronized with lidar observations to reflect ionospheric dynamic changes during the storm.TIEGCM simulation data The simulation covers the same observation periods and geographic location. It provides vertical profiles of atomic oxygen density, neutral temperature and neutral wind, which can be used to analyze the background thermospheric environment and physical mechanisms of metal layer changes during geomagnetic events. Lidar; Plasma; ionosphere Jixin GUO PUBLIC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ dataset Science Data Bank